Out-Of-Pocket Burdens explores the critical issue of healthcare financing in countries where robust health coverage is lacking. The book focuses on financial risk protection—how well healthcare systems shield individuals from catastrophic health expenditures—and the prevalence of informal payments, which are unregulated out-of-pocket payments to healthcare providers.
The absence of adequate coverage disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, exacerbating inequalities and hindering access to essential medical services. The book argues that weak public health systems and limited insurance coverage expose individuals to substantial financial risks. Reliance on out-of-pocket payments and the prevalence of informal payments create significant burdens on households, potentially pushing them into poverty and hindering access to necessary treatments.
For example, families may forgo essential medical care to avoid financial ruin, illustrating the trade-offs individuals face. Starting with core concepts, the book investigates the determinants and consequences of out-of-pocket spending, then concludes with policy recommendations for strengthening financial risk protection and reducing reliance on informal payments, emphasizing universal health coverage.
Drawing evidence from household surveys and healthcare expenditure data, particularly from low— and middle-income countries, Out-Of-Pocket Burdens offers valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers interested in health economics and public health.
