<!doctype html public «-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en»> http-equiv=content-type> This work undertakes an empirical analysis of current linguistic circumstances in the Basque Country. The two Basque subpopulations living on French and Spanish territory are compared and contrasted in terms of various parameters, including the prevalence of Basque cultural traditions and language, and related attitudes about Basque identity.