Microbial Engineering explores the revolutionary field of microbial engineering, a convergence of microbiology, molecular biology, and chemical engineering. It highlights how scientists are mastering synthetic biology to manipulate microorganisms for producing new medicines, biofuels, and other valuable products. This manipulation involves modifying microbial genomes and metabolic pathways to create biological systems with novel functions, addressing challenges such as producing therapeutic proteins or engineering microbes for bioremediation. The book underscores the potential of microbes as powerful tools that can be engineered to solve complex problems, moving beyond their traditional perception as mere agents of disease. The book uniquely combines theoretical principles with practical examples, offering a comprehensive view of the field. Beginning with foundational concepts of microbial biology and genetic engineering, it progresses through dedicated chapters on metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and evolutionary engineering. Intriguingly, the development of restriction enzymes and recombinant DNA technology paved the way for precise manipulation of microbial genomes. The book culminates in a discussion of practical applications in medicine, industry, and environmental science, emphasizing the underlying principles of genetic engineering and offering a forward-looking perspective on emerging trends in biotechnology. Throughout the book, evidence is drawn from peer-reviewed research, scientific journals, and industry reports, presenting clear explanations and examples. Aimed at students, researchers, and professionals in biology, biotechnology, and chemical engineering, the book also addresses ethical and regulatory considerations, providing a balanced perspective on the risks and benefits. This approach makes it a valuable resource for anyone interested in the potential of microbes to solve global challenges and the science life sciences.