In “The Astronomy of Milton's 'Paradise Lost,'" Thomas Nathaniel Orchard meticulously examines the celestial elements woven into John Milton's epic poem, revealing how the cosmological concepts of the 17th century inform its themes and narrative structure. Orchard employs a blend of literary analysis and historical contextualization, assessing how Milton'Äôs understanding of astronomy reflects the tension between emerging scientific inquiry and theological constructs of the time. Through close readings and interdisciplinary approaches, the author elucidates how heavenly bodies serve not merely as backdrop but as integral symbols that amplify the poem'Äôs exploration of free will, divine justice, and the human condition. Thomas Nathaniel Orchard, a scholar with a profound interest in the intersections of literature and science, draws on his extensive background in both Milton studies and historical astronomy to craft this insightful work. His deep understanding of the period's scientific landscape and Milton's religious fervor enriches the analysis, providing readers with a comprehensive view of how astronomy influences not only the narrative but also the greater philosophical questions within the text. Recommended for both scholars and enthusiasts of Milton's work, “The Astronomy of Milton's 'Paradise Lost'" invites readers to reconsider the epic'Äôs rich layers while enhancing their appreciation for its philosophical inquiries and artistic craftsmanship.